Avenida de Mayo is one of the most emblematic streets in Buenos Aires, representing a beautiful fusion of history, culture, and European-inspired architecture. Stretching from Plaza de Mayo at one end to the National Congress of Argentina at the other, this 1350-meter avenue holds some of the city’s most iconic landmarks and offers a perfect snapshot of Argentina’s past and present.
If you’re planning to explore Avenida de Mayo, this guide will walk you through its fascinating history, architectural gems, and must-see spots along the way.
1. The History Behind Avenida de Mayo
Inaugurated in 1894, Avenida de Mayo was modeled after the grand boulevards of Paris and Madrid, intended to connect two of Buenos Aires’ most important landmarks: the Casa Rosada in Plaza de Mayo and the Palacio del Congreso. The avenue is named in honor of the May Revolution of 1810, which marked the beginning of Argentina’s fight for independence from Spain.
As the city’s first major boulevard, Avenida de Mayo quickly became the political and cultural artery of Buenos Aires, witnessing countless demonstrations, processions, and celebrations. Throughout the 20th century, the avenue was a hotspot for political activism, with social movements often using it as the route for marches from Congress to Plaza de Mayo.
The European influence is evident in the eclectic mix of architectural styles that line the avenue—Art Nouveau, Beaux-Arts, and neoclassical designs dominate the skyline, giving it a distinctive, old-world charm. It’s not just a street; it’s a living museum of Argentina’s architectural and political history.
2. What to See on Avenida de Mayo
The avenue is packed with cultural landmarks, iconic buildings, and spots rich in history. Here are some of the highlights you shouldn’t miss:
Café Tortoni
One of the most famous coffeehouses in the world, Café Tortoni opened its doors in 1858. This café has been a gathering place for writers, artists, and intellectuals throughout Buenos Aires’ history. Legendary figures such as Jorge Luis Borges and Carlos Gardel frequented the café, and today, it remains a key stop for anyone wanting to experience a piece of Buenos Aires’ cultural history.
What to Do: Have a coffee, soak in the history, and if you’re lucky, catch one of the café’s tango performances in the evening.
Palacio Barolo
No trip to Avenida de Mayo is complete without admiring Palacio Barolo, an architectural masterpiece inspired by Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy. Designed by the Italian architect Mario Palanti and completed in 1923, the building is a symbolic representation of Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. Each section of the building is meticulously crafted to reflect Dante’s work.
What to Do: Take a guided tour to understand the building’s symbolic design, and be sure to climb to the lighthouse at the top for a panoramic view of Buenos Aires. It’s one of the best places to see the entire avenue from above.
The National Congress
At the far western end of Avenida de Mayo, you’ll find the imposing Palacio del Congreso. This neoclassical building, completed in 1906, is where the Argentine Parliament meets. Its grand dome is a striking feature of the Buenos Aires skyline.
What to Do: The building is open for tours, allowing you to explore the legislative chambers and learn about Argentina’s political system. The Plaza del Congreso, just in front of the building, is a great spot to relax and admire the monument to Los Dos Congresos, which celebrates the 1816 declaration of independence.
Plaza de Mayo
On the opposite end of Avenida de Mayo is the iconic Plaza de Mayo, the political heart of Argentina. This square has been the stage for some of the country’s most significant events, from the May Revolution of 1810 to the protests of the Mothers of Plaza de Mayo during the military dictatorship. Overlooking the square is the Casa Rosada, the Argentine presidential palace, with its distinctive pink façade.
What to Do: Take your time to walk around the plaza, visiting landmarks such as El Cabildo, the former town hall that played a key role in the fight for independence, and the Metropolitan Cathedral, where Pope Francis once served as Archbishop of Buenos Aires.
3. Unique Buildings and Hidden Gems
As you stroll down Avenida de Mayo, you’ll come across several hidden gems and unique buildings that showcase the architectural diversity of the avenue. Here are a few you might not want to miss:
Pasaje Roverano
Built in 1918, Pasaje Roverano is one of those places that’s easy to miss but worth seeking out. This narrow, covered passage connects Avenida de Mayo with the parallel Hipólito Yrigoyen street. The gallery’s design features curved windows and intricate bronze details that harken back to a more elegant time in Buenos Aires’ history.
Fun Fact: The passage even has a secret entrance to the Buenos Aires subway—a true hidden gem!
Los 36 Billares
For something a little different, head to Los 36 Billares, a classic billiard hall that dates back to 1894. This spot isn’t just about billiards, though—it’s also a great place to catch a live tango show or enjoy a traditional Argentine meal. The building itself retains its old-world charm, with high ceilings and vintage décor that transport you back in time.
What to Do: Grab a table, order some empanadas, and enjoy the local vibe. If you’re up for it, challenge a friend to a game of billiards!
London City Café
Another café worth visiting is London City, which has its own literary history. This was one of the favorite haunts of Julio Cortázar, one of Argentina’s greatest writers. The café still retains its mid-century charm, and it’s a quieter, more local alternative to Café Tortoni.
What to Do: Sit down with a coffee and a medialuna (a croissant-like pastry), and imagine what it might have been like to write at the same tables as Cortázar.
4. Avenida 9 de Julio: The World’s Widest Avenue
As you continue your walk along Avenida de Mayo, you’ll cross Avenida 9 de Julio, the widest avenue in the world. With seven lanes in each direction, crossing this boulevard can feel like a journey in itself. On one side, you’ll see the iconic Obelisco, a towering monument that has become a symbol of the city. On the other, the grand Teatro Colón, one of the world’s premier opera houses.
What to Do: Take a break at Plaza de la República, located near the Obelisco, and take in the view of one of the busiest intersections in Buenos Aires.
5. How to Explore Avenida de Mayo
While there are plenty of ways to explore Avenida de Mayo, I recommend doing it on foot. Start your walk at Plaza de Mayo and make your way towards Congreso, stopping at key landmarks like Café Tortoni, Palacio Barolo, and Pasaje Roverano along the way. The Subte Line A runs directly underneath the avenue, making it easy to hop on and off if you want to explore different sections at your own pace.
Insider Tip: If you’re short on time, a self-guided walking tour is a great way to hit all the major landmarks without missing out on the history and culture that make this avenue so special.
Conclusion: Why Avenida de Mayo Should Be on Your Buenos Aires Itinerary
For anyone visiting Buenos Aires, Avenida de Mayo is a must-see. From its rich history to its stunning architecture, this avenue offers a glimpse into the heart of Argentine culture. Whether you’re marveling at the ornate design of Palacio Barolo, sipping coffee at Café Tortoni, or exploring the political heart of Plaza de Mayo, Avenida de Mayo will leave you with a deep appreciation for Buenos Aires’ past and present.
So, lace up your walking shoes and take a stroll down Avenida de Mayo—you’ll be walking through one of the most historically and architecturally significant streets in Argentina.
May Avenue in Buenos Aires and Spanish Culture
And for those who want to delve even deeper into the local culture, learning Spanish in Argentina at Vamos Academy is a fantastic way to enrich your experience. Whether you’re in Buenos Aires or perhaps visiting our School in Málaga, Vamos Academy offers the opportunity to not just learn the language but to connect with the culture on a personal level.
Avenida de Mayo: Historical Timeline and Facts
When was Avenida de Mayo first conceptualized?
The concept of Avenida de Mayo was first proposed in the 1880s as Buenos Aires expanded. The avenue was designed to connect the seat of government at Plaza de Mayo with the National Congress and symbolize Argentina’s burgeoning European-inspired modernization.
What was the significance of the avenue’s approval in 1894?
In 1894, the design for Avenida de Mayo was officially approved by the Buenos Aires government. This ambitious project was seen as a statement of the city’s growth and ambition, aiming to elevate its status as a modern and progressive capital city.
When did construction begin on Avenida de Mayo?
Construction began in 1896, involving significant infrastructure work to level the terrain, relocate existing buildings, and open side streets. The project was part of a broader initiative to modernize Buenos Aires as it transitioned into the 20th century.
When was Avenida de Mayo inaugurated?
Avenida de Mayo was officially inaugurated in 1898, marking its completion as a key urban artery. It quickly became a symbol of Buenos Aires’ modernization and European-inspired elegance, connecting the political, cultural, and commercial heart of the city.
How did the Centennial celebrations of 1910 impact Avenida de Mayo?
The 1910 **Centennial celebrations** of Argentina’s independence brought new attention to Avenida de Mayo, with the construction of several important buildings, including theatres, banks, and hotels, that reflected Argentina’s desire to position itself as a modern and sophisticated nation.
When was Café Tortoni remodeled and what is its significance?
In 1923, **Café Tortoni** was remodeled to align with the elegance of Avenida de Mayo. It soon became a cultural hub for Buenos Aires’ intellectuals, including writers like Jorge Luis Borges and musicians like Carlos Gardel. The café remains a symbol of Argentina’s vibrant literary and artistic heritage.
What is the history of Palacio Barolo?
The **Palacio Barolo**, designed by Italian architect **Mario Palanti**, began construction in 1923 and was completed in 1928. The building is a symbolic representation of **Dante’s Divine Comedy**, with its floors divided into Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. At the time, it was the tallest building in South America and remains a significant architectural landmark in Buenos Aires.
How did Avenida 9 de Julio affect Avenida de Mayo in the 1930s?
The construction of **Avenida 9 de Julio** in the 1930s—designed to be the widest avenue in the world—altered the layout of Avenida de Mayo. Some buildings were demolished to accommodate the new avenue, but Avenida de Mayo retained its importance as a cultural and political corridor.
What are the key architectural landmarks added in the 1930s?
In the 1930s, several key architectural landmarks were added to Avenida de Mayo, including the **Edificio La Inmobiliaria**, an Art Nouveau masterpiece, and the remodeling of the **Confitería El Molino**, an iconic café with an eclectic style that continues to attract visitors.
When was Avenida de Mayo declared a Cultural Heritage Site?
In 2009, **Avenida de Mayo** was officially declared a **Cultural Heritage Site** by the city of Buenos Aires, recognizing its architectural and historical importance as one of the city’s most important cultural corridors.
